CARNITINE

L-CARNITINE

L-CARNITINE is a vitamin-like nutrient related to vitamins of the B-group (vitamin B_T). L-CARNITINE is a physiological substance, essential for energy production and for fat metabolism. L-CARNITINE is not an amino acid in the strict sense (it is not used as a neurotransmitter or in protein synthesis), however it bears many resemblances to amino acids and is usually grouped under this heading. L-CARNITINE (the "L" refers to its chemical polarity) is used by the body to transport long chain fatty acids to the mitochondria in your cells, where it is burned for energy. Since this fat burning is such a major source of muscular energy, deficiencies in L-CARNITINE are manifested as low energy levels and muscular weakness. They can also appear as mental confusion or cloudiness, angina (heart pain) and weight gain.

Directions: Take 1-3 capsules per day or as recommended by a health care professional. Pure L-Carnitine should be taken with vitamins and minerals. Tyson's MVM (Multivitamin) is highly recommended.

Key Benefits

Pricing

Description	SKU #	Size	Price	Purchase
00670	NDC 53335-055-10	30 Caps (250 mg)	$ 22.00

References

209) Arenas J, Ricoy JR, Encinas AR, Pola P, D'Iddio S, Zeviani M, Didonato S, Corsi M. Carnitine in muscle, serum, and urine of nonprofessional athletes: effects of physical exercise, training, and L-carnitine administration. Muscle Nerve 1991 Jul;14(7):598-604
210) Nuesch R, Rossetto M, Martina B. Plasma and urine carnitine concentrations in well-trained athletes at rest and after exercise. Influence of L-carnitine intake. Drugs Exp Clin Res 1999;25(4):167-71. 211) Malone JI, Schocken DD, Morrison AD, Gilbert-Barness E. Diabetic cardiomyopathy and carnitine deficiency. J Diabetes Complications 1999 Mar-Apr;13(2):86-90.
212) K L Goa and R N Brogden. L-carnitine--a preliminary review of its pharmacokinetics, and its therapeutic use in ischemic cardiac disease and primary and secondary carnitine deficiencies in relationship to its role in fatty acid metabolism. Drugs 34 1987:1-24.
213) M Mancini et al. Controlled study on the therapeutic efficacy of propionyl-L-carnitine in patients with congestive heart failure. Arzneim Forsch 42 1992:1101-4.
214) Cacciatore L, Cerio R, Ciarimboli M, Cocozza M, Coto V, D'Alessandro A, D'Alessandro L, Grattarola G, Imparato L, Lingetti M, et al. The therapeutic effect of L-carnitine in patients with exercise-induced stable angina: a controlled study. Drugs Exp Clin Res 1991;17(4):225-35.
215) Bartels GL, Remme WJ, Pillay M, Schonfeld DH, Kruijssen DA. Effects of L-propionylcarnitine on ischemia-induced myocardial dysfunction in men with angina pectoris. Am J Cardiol 1994 Jul 15;74(2):125-30.
216) Kamikawa T, Suzuki Y, Kobayashi A, Hayashi H, Masumura Y, Nishihara K, Abe M, Yamazaki N. Effects of L-carnitine on exercise tolerance in patients with stable angina pectoris. Jpn Heart J 1984 Jul;25(4):587-97.
217) Cherchi A, Lai C, Angelino F, Trucco G, Caponnetto S, Mereto PE, Rosolen G, Manzoli U, Schiavoni G, Reale A, et al. Effects of L-carnitine on exercise tolerance in chronic stable angina: a multicenter, double-blind, randomized, placebo controlled crossover study. Int J Clin Pharmacol Ther Toxicol 1985 Oct;23(10):569-72.
218) Bartels GL, Remme WJ, Holwerda KJ, Kruijssen DA. Anti-ischaemic efficacy of L-propionylcarnitine--a promising novel metabolic approach to ischaemia? Eur Heart J 1996 Mar;17(3):414-20
185) Goodliffe, C. How to Avoid Heart Disease. Blandford Press, Poole, 1987
199) Simone, c. et al. Vitamins and immunity: influence of carnitine on immune system, Acta Vitaminologica Enzymologica, 4 (1-2): 135-40

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